Peer-Reviewed Evidence
The science behind
every test we produce
NeuroLume™ is built on decades of peer-reviewed research by Dr. Edward Quadros, the discoverer of folate receptor autoantibodies, and leading collaborators worldwide. The following published studies establish the clinical significance of FRAAs and the efficacy of folinic acid intervention.
01 · Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 2008
Ramaekers, V.Th., Sequeira, J.M., Blau, N., Quadros, E.V. (2008) A milk-free diet downregulates folate receptor autoimmunity in cerebral folate deficiency syndrome. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 50, 346–352.
02 · Nutrients 2022
Ramaekers, V.Th., Quadros, E.V. (2022) Cerebral Folate Deficiency Syndrome: Early Diagnosis, Intervention and Treatment Strategies. Nutrients. 14(15), 3096.
03 · Biochimie 2016
Desai, A., Sequeira, J.M., Quadros, E.V. The metabolic basis for developmental disorders due to defective folate transport. Biochimie. (2016) S0300-9084(16)00055-9.
04 · Mol. Psychiatry 2018 · Randomized Controlled Trial
Frye, R.E., Slattery, J., Delhey, L., Furgerson, B., Strickland, T., Tippett, M., Sailey, A., Wynne, R., Rose, S., Melnyk, S., James, S., Sequeira, J.M., Quadros, E.V. (2018) Folinic acid improves verbal communication in children with autism and language impairment: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Mol. Psychiatry. 23, 247–256.
05 · Biochimie 2020 · Randomized Controlled Trial
Renard, E., Leheup, B., Guéant-Rodriguez, R.M., Oussalah, A., Quadros, E.V., Guéant, J.L. (2020) Folinic acid improves the score of Autism in the EFFET placebo-controlled randomized trial. Biochimie 173, 57–61.
06 · J. Pers. Med. 2021 · Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis
Rossignol, D.A., Frye, R.E. (2021) Cerebral Folate Deficiency, Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies and Leucovorin (Folinic Acid) Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Pers. Med. 11, 1141.
"These studies collectively demonstrate that folate receptor autoantibodies are a clinically significant, measurable, and treatable biological barrier — and that folinic acid intervention produces documented neurological improvement in FRAA-positive patients. NeuroLume™ makes detection possible at the point of care."
Dr. Edward Quadros · Scientific Founder, NeuroLume™